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Paragraf Tamamlama 1

1. Aşağıdaki paragrafta boş bırakılan yeri en iyi tamamlayan cümle hangisidir? Want, neglect, confusion, and misery in every shape and in very degree of intensity filled the endless corridors of the hospital. The very building itself was shockingly defective. . There were not enough bedsteads, and the sheets were of canvas and very coarse. There was no furniture of any kind, and empty beer bottles were used for candle sticks. There were no basins, no towels, no soap, no brooms, no trays, or plates.

There had been some delay in the delivery of the medical stores sent out by various European countries

The structural defects were equalled by the deficiencies in the commonest objects of hospital use

The authorities had taken measures to ensure that there would be an adequate supply of stretchers, bandages and the most ordinary drugs

Indeed, great detachments of the wounded were already comfortably Accommodated

The first signs of hope came when a fair supply of the most necessary objects arrived

2. Aşağıdaki paragrafta boş bırakılan yeri en iyi tamamlayan cümle hangisidir? When the Crimean War broke out, Captain Gordon, who wasto become famous in the future as General Gordon of Khartoum, was twenty-one. Before the year was over, he had managed to get himself transferred to the Crimea. . Upon the declaration of peace, he was sent to Bessarabia to asist in determining the frontier between Russia and Turkey, in accordance with the Treaty of Paris. Upon thisduty he was occupied for nearly two years. Then he was dispatched to China.

Throughout the war, especially during the siege of Sebastopol, he behaved with conspicuous gallantry

For the historian, the circumstances of his tragic end, so bitterly debated, and so controversially described, still remain a mystery

It was not in peace and rest, but in ruin and horror, that he reached his end

The news of the catastrophe reached England, and a great outcry arose

In fact, he was by no means in favour of the Governments imperial policies in the colonies

3. Aşağıdaki paragrafta boş bırakılan yeri en iyi tamamlayan cümle hangisidir? . The study found that morale was low among secretaries. Many of them claimed that they felt a lack of respect for their work and that they were not treated as full members of the companys executive team. The study also revealed that they were under-utilised.

First of all, we have made a list of tasks that secretaries can perform in addition to the more traditional tasks of typing and filing

The changes we have made in the personnel system of the company were in part the result of a study conducted about secretaries over a six-month period

In addition to the language training that has been offered, the company is designing a training programme on office management for secretaries

In upgrading office efficiency, managers also play an important role by recognising and appreciating the work and career aspirations of secretaries

The questionnaire didnt provide them with any useful information

4. Aşağıdaki paragrafta boş bırakılan yeri en iyi tamamlayan cümle hangisidir? It is an old wives tale that reading in the dark is harmful or will weaken the eyes. With the exception of looking directly at the sun, or another very high intensity light source, one does not hurt ones eyes by using them. True, reading with insufficient light may tire the eye muscles. . Admittedly, the proper level of illumination for reading is the level with which one feels comfortable.

Moreover, light from behind is ideal for reading and any close work

Therefore, higher illumination can actually be a disadvantage

On the contrary, one would feel more comfortable if the light were better

It may even cause headaches, but it does no permanent damage

In fact, there are new, inexpensive, high-intensity lamps available now, which provide higher illumination with lower wattage

5. Aşağıdaki paragrafta boş bırakılan yeri en iyi tamamlayan cümle hangisidir? A simple idea could make flying much safer. Tests in the US have shown that cooling fuel before it is put into an aircraft prevents explosive fumes building up in thefuel tanks. . For this purpose, an American company has developed a system that cools fuels to -1 degree Celsius or below, before it is put into an aircraft. This is the ideal safety temperature and almost completely eliminates the chance of an explosion in the fuel tanks.

Research has revealed that the fuel delivered to an aircraft before takeoff will heat up fast if the aircraft is in the sun

The explosion of the TWA flight 800 off Long Island in the United States, is thought to have been caused by a fire in one of the aircrafts tanks

As an aircraft climbs, the drop in pressure draws more fumes into the tanks, and if this occurs safety depends largely on the absence of a spark

The US Federal Aviation Administration has since been looking at many ways of making air-travel safer

The idea is to minimise vaporisation, so that there is no danger of an explosion even if static electricity or faulty wiring creates a spark

6. Aşağıdaki paragrafta boş bırakılan yeri en iyi tamamlayan cümle hangisidir? The anthology has been edited by two very fine poets, but the result is disappointing. Quite simply, it fails to excite. . Further, the selection itself is overburdened by the need to support this thesis.

Each new anthology is, in a way, a new effort to reassess the past

The bibliographical material, moreover, is correspondingly informative

The selection also includes, besides old favorites, mandelightful poems that have been unfairly overlooked

The introduction is without originality and indeed says nothing

The introduction is heavy and the thesis that poetry has been fully democratised since World War I, is overstated

7. Aşağıdaki paragrafta boş bırakılan yeri en iyi tamamlayan cümle hangisidir? . Food can be protected from them by gauze covers, or the house itself can be protected by gauze. Further, householders should wage continual war against them with insecticide sprays.

Those topics are all covered in great detail in their book Good Health in the Tropics

Visitors to the tropics frequently catch intestinal diseases

Certain intestinal diseases are spread through contaminated water

In such cases anti-malarial tablets are usually recommended

In the tropics, great care must be taken to prevent food from being polluted by flies

8. Aşağıdaki paragrafta boş bırakılan yeri en iyi tamamlayan cümle hangisidir? Roof design varies with geography and climate. In northern countries they slope steeply for quicker dispersal of melting snow. . On the southern shores of the Mediterranean and in hot climates flat roofs are the common type.

In temperate zones roofs do not slope so steeply as excessive snow is rare

A well-designed roof will carry rain water well away from the house

The upkeep of roofs of all descriptions is quite expensive

There are usually pipes, too, to carry rainwater to ground level

In factories, roof structures are very often of steel

9. Aşağıdaki paragrafta boş bırakılan yeri en iyi tamamlayan cümle hangisidir? . Periodic environmental cues such as dawn or dusk or the change of the seasons, regulate these clocks. There is scientific evidence that matching clocks to these cues helps animals live longer. Indeed, most researchers think that the clocks help animals co-ordinate metabolic and physiological processes for survival.

In the case of some insects, the biological clocks are never affected by changes in the environment in which they live

Biological clocks do not always enable animals to live in harmony with their natural habitat

Biological clocks allow organisms to anticipate when to feed, mate, migrate, or, in short, synchronise their activities with the environment

Some scientists argue that biological clocks disappear over time in populations raised in an environment with no periodic changes

Many people find it difficult to adapt to a new time schedule

10. Aşağıdaki paragrafta boş bırakılan yeri en iyi tamamlayan cümle hangisidir? The creation of a single European state, towards which the single currency is a major step, will serve only to further the scope and power of large corporations. . Undoubtedly, the single currency will significantly accelerate the process of economic globalization, but the consequences could prove disastrous.

Similarly, small businesses and communities will have no voice in this corporate Europe

Moreover, the further away government drifts from the communities it is supposed to serve, the less accountable it will become

The ongoing standardization of European culture, taste and regulations can only be achieved with the unanimous support of all Europeans

It is unlikely that ordinary people will ever achieve access to the working strategies of the institutions that govern them

It is, indeed, these corporations which have called most persistently for a single currency

11. Aşağıdaki paragrafta boş bırakılan yeri en iyi tamamlayan cümle hangisidir? Why are organizations important? . The working force, which means the bulk of the adult population, spends more than a third of its waking hours in the organizations by which it is employed. The life of the child takes place to almost an equal extent in the environment of the school organization.

The answer is that organizations are important because people spend so much of their time in them

The obvious answer might be that it is organizations that give employment to the workforce

Housewives are obviously less affected by organizations than working women in full-time employment

Influence processes can be specific or they can be diffuse

It is often argued that organizations have a profound influence on human behavior

12. Aşağıdaki paragrafta boş bırakılan yeri en iyi tamamlayan cümle hangisidir? In certain countries, air pollution from road traffic kills more people per year than fatal car crashes. According to a study carried out in Sweden, traffic fumes cause lung cancer and, hence, a high rate of mortality.. People who have only lived in areas of heavy traffic for ten years are 20 per cent more likely to develop the illness.

On the contrary, the effects of the pollution caused by road traffic have proved to be fatal

Researchers have found that those living in areas of high density traffic for a period of thirty years are 40 per cent more likely to contact the disease

A lot of people are hospitalised as a result of accidents on roads and this puts a great strain on health resources

Clearly, further measures are needed to reduce air pollution caused by traffic, as well as that caused by industry

Similar studies have been carried out in other countries with similar results

13. Aşağıdaki paragrafta boş bırakılan yeri en iyi tamamlayan cümle hangisidir? . This, we are assured, will enable it to become more efficient. All affiliated sectors are targeted: hospital care and other care services, ambulance services, care for the aged, social benefits, and the highly-lucrative area of plastic surgery. Patients would henceforth become customers, and hospitals health-care supermarkets.

The medico-pharmaceutical industry is one of the worlds leading business sectors and one with an enormous potential for growth and profits in the new century

In fact, to subject healthcare to the laws of the market can only lead to increased inequality and tension in the country

After the privatization of telecommunications and postal services, it is now the turn of the health sector to be opened up to competition and eventual take-over by corporations

The service sector, in which healthcare is included, is as vast as it is undefined

For over fifty years, access to health-care for all has come to be regarded as a fundamental human right in many countries

14. Aşağıdaki paragrafta boş bırakılan yeri en iyi tamamlayan cümle hangisidir? In 1906 the US authorities declared cocaine illegal and then prohibited its import. . In financial, artistic and political milieu in the US, it is regarded as synonymous withopulence and distinction. Therefore, its desirability has launched a fabulous business known as narco traffic.

At present, the US market almost entirely absorbs Latin American drug production

Towards the end of the nineteenth century, cocaine consumption spread through the upper classes of both Europe and the US

In Peru, for example, the cocaine industry occupies 15 per cent of the active labour force and reports a yearly income of one billion US dollars

In spite of the prohibition, cocaine has all through the century been much in demand

The US approach to the popularity of cocaine is a classic example of the misrepresentation of the real problem

15. Aşağıdaki paragrafta boş bırakılan yeri en iyi tamamlayan cümle hangisidir? The oldest direct evidence we have of life on Earth consists of fossilized bacteria in 3,5 billionyear- old rocks from Western Australia. . So we can deduce that the origin of life on Earth goes back even farther, to perhaps close on four billion years ago.

Obviously, once conditions had stabilised sufficiently on Earth, life appeared very quickly

This fact does not help us to determine the actual age of Earth itself

These fossilized organisms are actually quite advanced and must have had a long evolutionary history

The very fact that life appeared so late in geological time suggests that it was not easy for nature to achieve it

It is usual to assume that life is bound to arise whenever physical conditions are similar to those of Earth

16. 15. Aşağıdaki paragrafta boş bırakılan yeri en iyi tamamlayan cümle hangisidir? Venice was founded by refugees from the Italian mainland. They were fleeing before the barbarian invaders to the islands of the lagoons, hitherto inhabited by a few fishermen. At first the newcomers returned to the mainland when the invaders force was spent, but after the Lombard conquest they made a permanent home in the islands. .

During the first three crusades Venice developed its carrying trade and acquired commercial bases in the principal Syrian ports

From these small beginnings Venice rose to become the most powerful maritime state in the Mediterranean

At the height of its power Venice held Crete, Corfu and many islands in the Aegean

Venice has a great number of interesting churches, among the most important being the basilica of St Mark

Important industrial establishments lie north and west of the intricate harbour basins of the city

17. Aşağıdaki paragrafta boş bırakılan yeri en iyi tamamlayan cümle hangisidir? .More than ninety per cent of the inhabitants were primarily engaged in agriculture. The remainder were fur traders, fishermen, craftsmen, merchants and professional people. The last three groups were also likely to be farmers.

The early settlers in America were faced with a hostile environment and, hence, security was of primary importance

The scarcity of large areas of good farmland and the lack of a large market for their agricultural products forced the early settlers in America to turn to the sea

The economic life of the early colonists in America was essentially based on the land

The great period of colonial migration to America was in the 18th rather than 17th century

Although African slaves were imported early into Virginia, it was not until the 18th century that their number increased dramatically

18. Aşağıdaki paragrafta boş bırakılan yeri en iyi tamamlayan cümle hangisidir? A network of roads linked cities in Babylonia. Rivers and canals were spanned by bridges or crossed by ferry and were themselves much used for transport. . There were also rafts of wood on inflated skins which could be dismantled at the end of the downstream journey.

Music played a large part in temple worship and in the lives of the people in general

The Babylonians were primarily a nation of merchants and were quick to open trade routes

The country retained its ancient civilisation and cuneiform writing right on to Sassanian times

There was a vaulted building there which may have housed the Hanging Gardens, which were one of the Seven Wonders of the World

Some of the boats used were flatbottomed barges, very like those seen today on the waterways of Iraq

19. Aşağıdaki paragrafta boş bırakılan yeri en iyi tamamlayan cümle hangisidir? Every volcano has its own geology and history. Indeed, no two volcanoes are alike. Hence, each needs to be studied separately so that its warning signals can be recognized. The two volcanowatching satellites now orbiting Earth are simply not adequate. .

Even so, once a volcano has erupted there is nothing man can do to stop it

A volcano may be active, dormant or dead; all of them are of interest to the geologist

For instance, the Pacaya Volcano in Guatemala began spouting lava hundreds of meters into the air two years ago

A system of six to eight such satellites, however, could keep a much more effective watch on the worlds volcanoes

It is the cracks in the surface of the volcano that allow these hot gases to escape

20. Aşağıdaki paragrafta boş bırakılan yeri en iyi tamamlayan cümle hangisidir? The simpliest of the nutrients are the minerals. . Its atoms are all alike. As a result, its identity never changes. Iron, for example, remains iron when a food is cooked, when a person eats the food, when iron becomes part of a red blood cell, when the cell is broken down, and when the iron is lost from the body by excretion.

The nutrients that foods supply are essential nutrients, that is, they are needed from outside the body

The body can make some nutrients, but it cannot make all of them

The amount of energy a food provides depends on how much carbohydrate, fat and protein it contains

Minerals are inorganic nutrients as they contain no carbon

Each mineral is a chemical element.

21. Aşağıdaki paragrafta boş bırakılan yeri en iyi tamamlayan cümle hangisidir? The modern historian of Greece and Rome bases his writings on a wide range of archeological and literary material. He has no access to ancient archives, but certain imperishable objects survive, and take the place of the modern official document. Many surviving Greek and Latin inscriptions carved usually in stone are official records of treaties of public expenditure or of decrees of a monarch. .

The Greeks were not the first to chronicle human events, but they were the first to apply criticism

The earliest Greek writers, like Homer, wrote epic poems describing great heroes and their deeds

As a pure storyteller Herodotus stands second only to Homer among the ancients

And many others, recording the private affairs of individuals, reflect meaningfully on the social life of a moment or an age

The origins and growth of Roman historiography remain obscure

22. Aşağıdaki paragrafta boş bırakılan yeri en iyi tamamlayan cümle hangisidir? . Such problems include damage to the earths environment, overcrowding and famine in developing nations, and transnational disputes over oil, water or other natural resources. Illegal immigration and the flow of illicit drugs across national borders are further problems. Americans can neither solve these problems alone nor escape the consequences, should the international community fail to take action for a solution.

Global problems are increasingly likely to threaten the Americans security and well-being

A large proportion of the national income of America has accordingly to be invested in security

No nation has a greater stake than the United States in the outcome of todays democratic upheavals

America must reinvigorate its economy, not only to generate the resources needed to sustain global leadership, but also to stimulate global growth

The best way to ward off new threats to Americas security and to international stability is to support the spread of free markets and democratic politics

23. Aşağıdaki paragrafta boş bırakılan yeri en iyi tamamlayan cümle hangisidir? Little was known in the past about the economic life of Hittite Anatolia. . For instance, we now know that the mining of such metals as copper, lead and silver, and that the metallurgical techniques used were relatively well advanced. Among agricultural activities, sheep farming was the most common, while in some districts horses were bred. In daily life, bread and beer were the staple foods in addition to dairy products.

Evidently, regulations in the Hittite civil code protected farmers, and some prices were fixed

In fact, every Hittite subject, except the members of the privileged class, was forced to assist in such public works as the upkeep of roads and temples

However, some facts about the Hittite economy have been established in recent decades

Hittite cities were well built with walls of stout masonry

On the other hand, the Hittites had a considerable reverence for the law

24. Aşağıdaki paragrafta boş bırakılan yeri en iyi tamamlayan cümle hangisidir? In a developed country, the demand for luxury goods expands rapidly as peoples incomes rise. . Thus items such as cars and foreign holidays have a high income elasticity of demand whereas items such as potatoes and bus journeys have a low income elasticity of demand.

Poor people respond differently from rich people to a rise in their incomes

The demand for basic goods, however, such as bread, rises only a little, if at all

The reason is that producers and consumers take time to respond to a change in price

The luxury goods of one generation are often not regarded as luxury goods by the next

Whenever there is a noticeable change in the price of a commodity one can expect a change in the demand for that commodity

25. Aşağıdaki paragrafta boş bırakılan yeri en iyi tamamlayan cümle hangisidir? There are some people who are worried that one day man will regret that he ever made robots. . They also promise that within the next few decades we will be freed from all manner of boring jobs for the robots will do them for us.

A robot is any machine that can make decisions independent of human control

The UN Economic Commission for Europe predicts that there will shortly be as many as 290,000 robots in homes around the world

Robots are going to be particularly necessary in Japan as the number of elderly citizens there is expected to increase rapidly

The scientists, however, say they can guarantee they will be able to control their mechanical creations

Meanwhile, the technology behind industrial robots is improving rapidly